The center of the West Kazakhstan region is located 50 km from Atyrau. Chronological period: XIII-XVI centuries.Saraishyk is one of the most important cities along the Great Silk Road, connecting the West and the East, a medieval city that later became the Khan's Horde. The first information about the Saraishyk was found in medieval inscriptions.Saraishyk is a city where the disintegrating tribes and uluses of the Golden Horde empire and the Nogai tribes came together. It is the largest trade center of the Golden Horde, the center of science and culture, the first religious center of Islam in the western region. Architectural palaces, caravanserais, baths, mosques, madrassas and other buildings were built in the Saraishyk. The influence of the East was especially noticeable in the appearance of the city. The city of Saraishyk grew rapidly due to caravan trade, military booty, taxes paid by the local population and a large amount of cheap labor.In the XIV century, Saraishyk was destroyed by the Timur the Lame, but it was rebuilt in the 30s and 40s of the XV century and in the late XIV and XIVI centuries. It became the capital of the Kazakh Khanate.Kasym Khan and other khans, influential people, seids, sheikhs, mullahs, pilgrims, hafizs, Sufis and Dauris, who are considered to be the descendants of the Prophet Muhammad, lived and were buried here. The shed pantheon was a sacred place for the burial of rulers and celebrities. In 1580 (according to some sources in 1581), the city was completely destroyed and reduced to ashes by the invasion of the Don and Volga Cossacks.
Reference: Kazakhstan sacred objects
of whole national importance. – Astana: Foliant, 2017. – 141-142 pp.
